Calemi, C.; Bruffaerts, R.; Ellender, T. J.

This systematic review examines the effects of neurodegeneration in rats and mice on ultrasonic vocalisation (USV) production and its underlying neuronal substrates. Neurodegenerative diseases, such as Parkinsons, Alzheimers, and frontotemporal degeneration, significantly impair communication abilities in humans. Animal models, particularly rats and mice, are widely used to study the underlying mechanisms of these disorders. One important aspect of neurodegeneration is its impact on ultrasonic vocalisations in rodents. USVs play a crucial role in social interaction, mating, and distress signalling, making them valuable behavioural biomarkers for neurological dysfunction. This review aims to synthesise existing research on how neurodegeneration affects USV production and its neuronal substrates in rodent models. Understanding these changes can provide insights into disease progression and facilitate the development of early diagnostic tools and therapeutic strategies. Studying USV impairments in animal models may help identify biomarkers relevant to human speech deficits in neurodegenerative diseases. By bridging the gap between preclinical and clinical research, this review contributes to the growing field of neurobehavioral biomarkers, which could ultimately improve early diagnosis and intervention in human neurodegenerative conditions.